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As we deepen our relationship with the Eternal Word, Jesus Christ, we grow in grace and are transformed by His love and mercy.
First century–late first to early second century
Patron Saint of Ravenna, epilepsy, gout, wounds
St. Apollinaris of Ravenna is venerated as one of the earliest bishops and martyrs of the Church, traditionally believed to have been sent by St. Peter the Apostle himself to bring the Gospel to northern Italy. Although historical details are limited and interwoven with early Christian tradition, he is honored as the first bishop of Ravenna and a foundational figure in the region’s Christian history.
According to tradition, Apollinaris arrived in Ravenna in the first century and began preaching Christ in a pagan region. His message of salvation and the resurrection drew many converts, and he is said to have performed miracles that confirmed the Truth of the Gospel. His growing influence, however, also brought persecution from local authorities.
Apollinaris endured repeated arrests and brutal treatment for his Faith. He was exiled from the city multiple times, yet each time he returned, continuing to shepherd the Christian community entrusted to him. Once, after being exiled to Greece, he preached the Gospel and performed miracles there. The Greek pagans beat him and sent him back to Italy.
Returning to Ravenna, he ministered to the people in secret during periods of persecution and refused to abandon his mission or renounce Christ. He was arrested again, and he was so severely beaten that he died from his injuries. His death is traditionally dated to the late first or early second century.
St. Apollinaris is honored as a martyr and confessor of the Faith, remembered for his courage, perseverance, and foundational role in establishing Christianity in Ravenna, where devotion to him has remained strong for centuries.
According to ancient Christian tradition, Apollinaris was a disciple of St. Peter the Apostle. While historical documentation from the first century is limited, early Church writers and local tradition strongly associate Apollinaris with the Petrine mission of evangelization. He was from Antioch, where St. Peter was the first bishop, and it is believed Peter appointed him as the first bishop of Ravenna. This connection underscores the belief that Ravenna’s Christian community was founded early in the Church’s history and was linked to the apostolic age.
Multiple churches are dedicated to Apollinaris, with the most significant being the sixth-century Basilica of Sant’ Apollinare in Classe and Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna, Italy. He is a revered early martyr and honored there as the first Bishop of Ravenna. Other significant churches include a church in Rome near the Piazza Navona, a famous neo-Gothic church in Remagen, Germany, a twelfth-century church in the Czech Republic, and a parish founded in 1957 in Napa, California, U.S.
Apollinaris is considered the founding bishop of the Church in Ravenna, one of the most important early Christian centers in Italy. His evangelization efforts laid the foundation for a strong Christian community that later became influential in the development of Western Christianity. Ravenna eventually became an important ecclesiastical and political center, and devotion to St. Apollinaris remained central to its Christian identity, with major churches and basilicas dedicated to his memory.
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As we deepen our relationship with the Eternal Word, Jesus Christ, we grow in grace and are transformed by His love and mercy.
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